use of noun |grammar |common error|

  USES OF NOUN 

1. WORK:    :1. कार्य 

                      2. रचना 

Note:;1.  In the sense of Action work cannot be changed into works. 

Ex: I have to finish a piece of work.    Correct

      I have to finish  a lot of works.    Wrong

      I have to finish  a lot of work.     Correct

Note: 2 . In the sense of writing work can be singular or plural according to its number.

Ex. The Godan is a work of Premchand.    Correct

        The Godan and the Gaban are work of Premchand.    Wrong

        The Godan and the Gaban are works of Premchand.    Correct

2. Issue: 1.Agenda (मुद्दा )

              2. Offspring( बाल-बच्चे )

Note: 1. In the sense of Agenda, Issue can be sinular or plural according to its number.

Ex: Unemployment is a big issue for Bihar .    Correct

      Unemployment and Flood are a big issues for Bihar.     Correct

Note:2.     In the sense of offspring , issue cannot be changed into issues.

Ex.     My brother has only one issue.    correct

          Ram has four issues.    Wrong 

           Ram has four issue.    Correct

3. Unmarried : 1. Bachelor ( पुरूष )

                        2. Maid (स्त्री )

Note: 1. Bachelor comes to denote an unmarried man.

Ex: Abdul Kalam is a maid.    Wrong

      Abdul kalam is a bachelor.    Correct

Note:2. Maid denotes an unmarried lady.

Ex: Uma Bharti is a bachelor.    Wrong

      Uma Bharati is a maid .     Correct

4. Word: 1. A group of letters (शब्द )

              2. Promise (वादा)

Note: 1. To show a group of letters word can be singular or plural according to its number.

Ex: Boy is a word that has three letters.    Correct

Boy and Toy are words in which each has three letters.    Correct

Note: 2. In the sense of promise word cannot be change into words.

Ex. I give you a word to join your party.    Correct

     Kaikeyi took three words from king Dashrath.    Wrong

     Kaikeyi took three word from king Dashrath.     Correct

5. Wages: 1.Remuneration (मजदूरी)

                 2. Punishment (सजा )  

Note: 1. In the sense of Remuneration wages is plural and uses plural verb.

Ex: The wages of workers has been paid in this month.     Wrong 

      The wages of workers have been paid in this month .    Correct

Note: 2. In the sense of punishment wages is singular and uses singular verb. 

Ex: The wages of this crime are death.    Wrong

      The  wages of this crime is death.    Correct

6. Proof: 1. Witness (मानव के लिए )

               2. Evidence ( वस्तु के लिए )

Note: 1. Witness comes for human being if he works as a proof .

Ex: An old man was only one evidence  of the murder.    Wrong

      An old man  was only one witness of the murder.    Correct

Note: 2. Evidence comes for non-living things if it works as proof.

Ex: A fired gun was detected as witness of the murder. Wrong

      A fired gun was  detected as the evidence of the murder.    Correct

7. Value : 1. Cost (क्रयमूल्य 

               2. Price (मूल्य )

Note: 1. Cost comes to denote of a purchasing value.

Note: 2. Price comes to denote a selling value.

Note: 3. Price cannot be used together , it should be cost value/price value .

8. Residence: 1. house (किसी का भी घर )

                       2. Home (अपना घर ) 

Note: 1. ध्यान रहे house को दिशा- निर्देशित  करने के लिए उसके पहले "To " का प्रयोग करते है लेकिन "Home" के पहले प्राय: "To" का प्रयोग नहीं होता |

Ex:  I am going to housse.     Correct

       I am going to home.    Wrong 

       I am going home .     Correct

9. Brother : 1. Brothers 

                   2. Brethren

Note: 1. Brothers comes as the plural form of brother to show bother-hood between the number of the same family.

Ex. Irphan Pathan  & Usuf Pathan are brethren .     Wrong

      Irphan Pathan & Usuf Pathan are brothers.    Correct

Note: 2. Brethren  comes as the plural form of brothers to show brother-hood  between two persons that are not the members of the same family.

Ex:  The Hindus and The muslims are the brothers .     Wrong

       The Hindus and The Muslims are the brethren.    Correct

10. Cousin itself denotes brother or sister. It cannot get brother or sister with itself . 

Ex: Ram is my cousin brother.    Wrong

      Ram is my cousin.    Correct

      Radha is my cousin sister.     Wrong

      Radha is my cousin.     Correct 

 USES OF NOUN 

11. Light: 1. A source of light (Noun)-प्रकाश का स्रोत 

                2. whiteness (Noun) -उजाला 

                3. Light (Adjective)-हल्का 

Note: 1. In the sense of source of light , it can be singular or plural according to its number.

Ex. There is one light in my office but there are  three lights in my classroom.     Correct

Note:2. In the sense of whiteness light can not be changed into light .

Ex. There are natural light in this room.    Wrong

       There is natural light in this room.     Correct 

Note:3. Ex. I am found of light colour of anything.     correct

12. No room: No room denotes "no vacant space" 

Ex. There is no room in this room.     Correc

13. Cloth: 1. Cloths (बिना सिला हुआ कपड़ा )- Plural 

                 2. Clothes( सिलाई किया हुआ कपड़ा ) Plural 

14. Care: 1. Nurture (देखभाल )- singular

                2. Cares (चिंताएं ,Anxiety)-Plural

Note: 1. Care= Nurture=Singular 

Ex. Your care on this baby are very appreciable.    Wrong

       Your care on this baby is very appreciable.    Correct  

Note: 2. Care=Anxiety=Plural

Ex: My cares for the next result is increasing.     Wrong

     My cares for the next result are increasing.        Correct

15. Paper:1. Paper (कागज़ )-Singular

                2. Papers(कागजात )-Plural 

Ex: This letter is written on papers.    Wrong

       This letter is written on paper.    Correct        

       I  have lost  the paper of my matriculation.     Wrong

       I have lost the papers of my matriculation.     Correct

16. Force: 1. force (बल )-Singular

                 2. forces (सेना )- Plural

Note:1. Force=Pressure=Singular

Ex. Force are used to fire a gun.     Wrong

       Force is used to fire a gun .        Correct

Note: 2. Forces =Army=Plural

Ex: Forces is being sent to Kashmir.    Wrong

      Forces are being sent to Kashmir.     Correct

17. Good morning, Good  evening, Hi, Hello, Hallo etc used as meeting greetings

18. Good night, Good day, Have a nice day, See you, Have a sweet dream, Bye, Bye bye  etc 

used as greeting for departure. 

Ex. Good morning sir , see you tomorrow.    Wrong

       Good Night sir, see you tomorrow.     Correct 

19. Some nouns get  "S/es" to change their name not to the plural. 

        Nouns                                                 changed meaning with s/es

        Water (पानी )                                       waters (समुद्र )

        Sand (बालू )                                         sands (रेगिस्तान )

        Iron  (लोहा)                                          Irons (हथकड़ी)

        Copper (तांबा )                                      Coppers (तांबा )

        Fruit  (फल )                                         Fruits( परिणाम )

        Ground  (जमीन )                                  Grounds( सबूत)

        Physic  (दवा)                                        Physics (भौतिकी )

        Powder (चूर्ण )                                       Powders (खुराक)

        Quarter (एक-चौथाई )                            Quarters ( निवास 

        Vesper (गोधूली)                                     Vespers( शाम की प्रार्थना )

        Air   (हवा )                                             Airs ( अहंकार )

        Colour (रंग)                                           Colours (तिरंगा)

        Pain  (दर्द)                                             Pains  ( प्रयास )

        Land (धरती)                                           Lands (देश)

        Wood  (लकड़ी)                                       Woods (जंगल)

20. Another +Singular countable noun 

Ex. I have no another pen.    Correct

21. Other+ Plural countable noun 

Ex: I have no others pens.    Correct

 COMMON ERROR OF NOUN 

1. "English teacher" is wrong, it should be " The teacher of English".

2. "Cent percent" is wrong, it should be "100 percent".

3. "Speak a lie" is wrong , it should be " tell a lie"

4. "word by word" is wrong, it should be " word to word".

5. "Cooker" is wrong for a person,it should be "cook"

6. "Measle " is wrong, it should be "measles"

7.  " Ricket" is wrong, it should be "rickets".

8. "Rupees" is wrong as wealth,  it should be "money"

9. "Regard"  is wrong, it should be "regards"

10. "Billiard" is wrong, it should be "Billiards".

11. "Two third" is wrong, it should be " two-thirds".

12. "Amend" is wrong, it should be "Amends".

13. "Arrear" is wrong , it should be "arrears"

14. "Mark" is wrong as result,  it should be "Marks"

15. "Perfumeries" is wrong, it should be "perfumery".

16. "Wherabout" is wrong, it should be " whereabouts".

17. "Horse backs" is wrong , it should be "horseback".

18. "Strong air" is wrong, it should be " strong  wind". 

19. "mild wind" is wrong, it should be "mild air".

20. "Talking term" is wrong, it should be "speaking term".

21. "Agendum" is not used, "agenda" is used. 

22. "Offsprings" is wrong, it should be " offspring".

23. "End of the finger" is wrong, it should be "End of the fingers".

24. "Get by memory" is wrong, it should be "get by heart".

25. "Quote from heart" is wrong, it should be "quote from memory".

26. "Upliftment" is wrong, it should be "uplift".

27. "Freeship" is wrong, it should be "free studentship".

28. "Typewriter" is wrong as a person, it should be "typist".

29. "Half pant" is wrong, it should be "shorts". 

30. "Valuable" is wrong as noun , it should be "valuables"

31. "Good " is wrong as noun, it should be "Goods".

32. "Look" is wrong as noun, it should be "looks".

33. "Belonging" is wrong as noun, it should be "belongings".(वस्तु )

34. " outskirt" is wrong, it should be "outskirts" (सरहद ).

35. " sale-representative" is wrong, it should be "sales  representative"  or salesman". 

                                                                                                                                                 

                                  The End