Tuesday, 21 March 2023

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Class IX Lateral Entry 2023 Result Out

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Class IX Lateral Entry 2023 Result Out



Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (HQ) released the Result For Lateral Entry Admission to  Class IX (2023-24 ) Against Vacant Seats . The Entrance test was conducted on 11th Feb. 2023.

RESULT FOR LATERAL ENTRY ADMISSION TO
CLASS IX (2023-24) AGAINST VACANT SEATS

Students Can Check their result given below link. 


Link: Click Here for Class IX Lateral Entry Result




Saturday, 18 March 2023

THINKERS, BELIEFS AND BUILDINGS-MCQ

THEME-4

THINKERS, BELIEFS AND BUILDINGS

CULTURAL  DEVELOPMENTS

C.600 BCE-600 CE

1. Sanchi Stupa is located in?

A. Uttar Pradesh

B. Odisha

C. Bihar

D. Madhya Pradesh

Ans: D

Explanation: Sanchi Stupa is a Buddhist complex, famous for its Great Stupa, on a hilltop at Sanchi Town in Raisen District of the State of Madhya Pradesh. Hence, D is

the correct option.

___________________________________________________________________________

2. What does Kutagrashala means—

A. A school of thought

B. A hut with a pointed roof

C. Sacrifice performed by Kings

D. None of the above.

Ans: B

Explanation: Teachers travelled from place to place, trying to convince one another as well as laypersons, about the validity of their philosophy or the way they understood the world. Debates took place in the kutagarashala — literally, a hut with a pointed roof — or in groves where travelling mendicants halted. Hence, B is the correct option.

___________________________________________________________________________

3. Which of the following is the Buddhist Sinhalese Chronicle?

A. Dipavamsa

B. Mahavamsa

C. both A and B

D. None of these

Ans: C

Explanation: As Buddhism travelled to new regions such as Sri Lanka, text such as the Dipavamsa (literally, the chronicle of the island) and Mahavamsa (the great chronicle ) were written.The term vamsha is used for lineage. Hence, C is the correct option.

___________________________________________________________________________

4. Gautam Buddha belonged to which clan—

A. Muni

B. Knantrika

C. Sakya

D. Ajivika

Ans: C

 Explanation: Siddhartha (as Buddha was named at birth), was the son of a chief of Sakya clan. Hence, C is the correct option.

5. Which of the following means an organization of Monks-

A. Sangha

B. Bhikkuni

C. Dhamma

D. Gana

Ans: A

Explanation: . Buddha founded a sangha, an organisation of monks who became teachers of dhamma. These monks lived simply, possessing only the essential requisites for survival, such as a bowl to receive food once a day from the laity. As they lived on alms,

they were known as bhikkhus. Hence, A is the correct option.

___________________________________________________________________________

6. Who was the first woman to enter Sangha—

A. Punna

B. Gargi

C. Prabhavati

D. Gotami

Ans: D

Explanation: Initially, only men were allowed into the sangha, but later women also came

to be admitted. According to Buddhist texts, this was made possible through the mediation of Ananda, one of the Buddha's dearest disciples, who persuaded him to permit women into the sangha. The Buddha's foster mother, Mahapajapati Gotami was the first woman to be ordained as a bhikkhuni. Hence, D is the correct option.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

7. Who was the last Tirthankara?

A. Parsvanath

B. Mahavira

C. Rishabhdev

D. Subhadra

Ans: B

Explanation: According to Jaina tradition, Mahavira(last and 24th tirthankara) was preceded by 23 other teachers or tirthankaras — literally, those who guide men and women across the river of existence. Hence, B is the correct option.

___________________________________________________________________________

8. "Be lamps unto yourselves as all of you must work out

your own liberation", were the last words of?

A. Gautam Buddha

B. Mahavir Jain

C. Gotami putra Satkarni

D. Ashoka

Ans: A

Explanation: According to Buddhist tradition, his last words to his followers were: "Be lamps unto yourselves as all of you must work out your own liberation." Hence, A is the correct option.

___________________________________________________________________________

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­9. The earliest known collection of women's literature composed by Bikkunis—

A. Nishadini

B. Theri Gatha

C. Dipavamsa

D. Uttaradhyayana

Ans: B

Explanation: Theri Gatha,the earliest-known collection of women's literature was composed by Bikkunis as a part of Sutta Pitaka. Hence, B is the correct option.

__________________________________________________________

10. According to popular belief, the woman whose touch

caused trees to flower and bear fruit was —

A. Shalabhanjika

B. Gajalakshmi

C. Mahapajapati Gotami

D. Sigala

Ans: A

Explanation: According to popular belief, Shalabhanjika was a woman whose touch caused trees to flower and bear fruit. It is likely that this was regarded as an auspicious symbol and integrated into the decoration Of the stupa. Hence, A is the correct option.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

11. Sutta Pitaka is a religious texts of-

A. Hindus

B. Jains

C. Buddhists

D. Jews

Ans: C

Explanation: The Sutta Pitaka is the second of the three divisions of the Tripitaka or Pali Canon, the Pali collection of Buddhist writings of Theravada Buddhism. Hence, C is the correct option.

__________________________________________________________

12. In Buddhist tradition, the deeply compassionate beings who accumulate merit through their efforts but used this not to attain the nibbana, but to help others were called—

A. Bhikku

B. Bodhisatta

C. Dhamma Mahamatta

D. Buddha

Ans: B

Explanation: Bodhisattas were perceived as deeply compassionate beings who accumulated merit through their efforts but used this not to attain nibbana and thereby abandon the world, but to help others. Hence, B is the correct option.

___________________________________________________________________________

13. The New style of Buddhist worship where images of Buddha and Bodhisattas became important was called—

A. Theravada

B. Sanghvada

C. Mahayana

D. Hinayana

Ans: C

Explanation: The worship of images of the Buddha and Bodhisattas became an important part of Buddhist tradition. This new way of thinking was called Mahayana — literally, the "great vehicle". Those who adopted these beliefs described the Older tradition as Hinayana or the "lesser vehicle".Hence, C is the correct option.

__________________________________________________________

14.Which of the following texts is related to Queen  Kamalavati?        

A. Abhidhamma Pitaka

B. Tirchankara

C. Dipavamsa

D. Uttaradhyayana Sutta

Ans: D

Explanation: A Prakrit text known as Uttaradhyayana Sutta describes how a queen kamalavati tried to persuade her husband to renounce the world . Hence,D is the correct option.

__________________________________________________________

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­15. All of the following statements regarding Stupas are correct except —

A. Asoka distributed portions of the Buddha's relics to build stupas over them.

B. The tradition of erecting stupa was started by Asoka

C. Harmika, represented the abode of God

D. The stupa originated as simple semi-circular mound of

earth, called anda

Ans: B

Explanation: The tradition of erecting stupas may have been pre-Buddhist, but they came to be associated with Buddhism. Asoka distributed portions of the Buddha's relics to

important towns and stupas were built over them. The stupa originated as simple semi- circular mound of earth, called anda. Hence, B is the correct option.

______________________________________________________________________________________

16. All of the following statements regarding vows of Jainism are

correct except —

A. Abstain from killing

B. to follow the path of moderation

C. Abstain from stealing and lying

D. to observe celibacy

Ans: B

Explanation:Jaina monks and nuns took five vows: to abstain from killing, stealing and lying; to observe celibacy; and to abstain from possessing property. Hence, B is the correct option.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­17 .Consider the following statements:

I. Entire world is animated

11. Cycle of birth and rebirth is shaped through Karma

Which of the above statement (s) is/are correct about Jain

philosophy ?

A. only 1

B. only 11

C. Both I and 11

D. Neither I nor 11

Ans: C

Explanation:The most idea in Jainism is that the entire world is animated, also according to Jaina teachings, the cycle of birth and rebirth is shaped through karma. Asceticism and penance are required to free oneself from the cycle of karma. Hence, C is the correct option.

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­______________________________________________________________________________________

18. Consider the following pairs:

1. Birth: Lumbini

2. First Sermon: Sarnath

3. Death: Bodh Gaya

Which of the following pairs of events related to Buddha is/

are correctly matched?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 3 only

Ans: A

Explanation: Buddha's life — where he was born (Lumbini), where he attained enlightenment (Bodh Gaya), where he gave his first sermon (Sarnath) and where he attained nibbana (Kusinagara). Hence, A is the correct option.

______________________________________________________________________________________

19. Consider the following pairs:

1. Empty seat : Meditation

2. Stupa - Mahaparinibbana

3. Wheel - First Sermon

Which of the following symbols related to worship of Buddha

is/are correctly matched?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. All 1, 2 and 3

D. 3 only

Ans: C

Explanation: Many early sculptors did not show the Buddha in human form — instead, they showed his presence through symbols. The empty seat was meant to indicate the meditation of the Buddha, and the stupa was meant to represented mahaparinibbana. Another frequently used symbol was the wheel. Hence, C is the correct option

___________________________________________________________________________

20. Consider the following pairs:

1. Anatta: Transient

2. Anicca: Soulless

3. Dukkha: Sorrow

Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. all 1, 2 and 3

D. 3 only

Ans: D

Explanation: According to Buddhist philosophy, the world is transient (anicca) and constantly changing; it is also soulless (anatta) as there is nothing permanent or eternal in it. Within this transient world, sorrow (dukkha) is intrinsic to human existence. Hence, D is the correct option.

END

 

 

 

 

 

 

HISTORY Class 12 MCQ Kinship, Caste and Class Early Societies

HISTORY  : MCQ

Class 12

Kinship, Caste and Class

Early Societies


1. The Mahabharata was composed in which period?

A. 1500 BCE -500 BCE

B. 1500 BCE -1000 BCE

C. 1500 BCE -2500 BCE
 
D. 500 BCE -500 CE



Explanation: It was composed over a period of about 1,000 years (c. 500 BCE onwards), and some of the stories it contains may have been in circulation even earlier. Hence, D is the correct option.

2. Under whose leadership was the critical edition of the Mahabharata compiled?

A. Colin Mackenzie
 
B. V.S Sukthankar

C. D.C Sircar

D. A. Cunningham

Explanation: in 1919, under the leadership of a noted Indian Sanskritist, VS. Sukthankar. Ateam comprising dozens of scholars initiated the task of preparing a critical edition of the Mahabharata. The project took 47 years to complete. Hence, B is the correct option

3. Sanskrit texts used the term Vamsha -

A. to designate families

B. for the larger network of kinfolk

C. for lineage

D.duties of king

Explanation: Sanskrit texts use the term kula to designate families and jnati for the larger network of kinfolk. The term vamsha is used for lineage. Hence, C is the correct option.


4. Patriliny means—

A. tracing descent from stone inscriptions

B. tracing descent through mother
 
C. tracing descent from father to son

D. None of the above

Explanation: Patriliny means tracing descent from father to son, grandson and soon. Matriliny is the term used when descent is traced through the mother. Hence, C is the correct option.


5. The practice of a woman having several husbands-
 
A. Polyandry

B. Endogamy

C. Polygamy

D. Exogamy

Explanation: Endogamy refers to marriage within a unit — this could be a kin group or caste. Exogamy refers to marriage outside the unit. polygyny is the practice of a man having several wives. Polyandry is the practice of a woman having several husbands .Hence, A is the correct option.


6. Manusmriti was compiled between—

A. c. 500 BCE and 200 CE

B. c. 400 BCE and 400 CE

C. c. 600 BCE and 200 CE
 
D. c. 200 BCE and 200 CE



Explanation: From c. 500 BCE, the social norms were compiled in Sanskrit texts known as the Dharmasutras and Dharmashastras. The most important of such works, the Manusmriti, was compiled between c. 200 BCE and 200 CE. Hence, D is the correct option.

7. Who wrote the book Mrichhakatika?

A. Vishakhdatta
 
B. Shudraka

C. Harishena

D. Ashvaghosha

Explanation: Mrichchhakatika written by Shudraka (c. fourth century CE), its hero Charudatta was described as both a Brahmana and a sathavaha or merchant. Hence, B is the correct option.

8. The famous Sudarshana lake was rebuilt by?
 
A. Rudradaman

B. Gotami-puta-Siri-Satakani

C. Prabhavati Gupta d.Ashoka

Explanation: One of the earliest inscriptions in Sanskrit describes how Rudradaman, the best-known Shaka ruler (c. second century CE), rebuilt Sudarshana lake. Hence, A is the correct option.


9. The Chinese Buddhist monk FaXian visited India in—

A. Early 5th century BCE

B. Early 5th century CE

C. Early 7th century BCE

D. Early 7th century CE


Explanation: The Chinese Buddhist monk Fa Xian (c. fifth century CE) underlining the social discrimination wrote that "untouchables" had to sound a clapper in the streets so that people could avoid seeing them. Hence, B is the correct option.

10.The archaeologist who excavated a village named Hastinapura in Meerut (Uttar Pradesh). —

A. B.B. Lal

B. M.R. Vats

C. R.D Banerjee

D. R. M Wheeler

Explanation: In 1951-52, the archaeologist B.B. Lal excavated a village named Hastinapura in Meerut (Uttar Pradesh). Hence, A is the correct option.

11.Sutta Pitaka is a religious texts of-

A. Hindus

B. Jains

C. Buddhists

D. Jews

Explanation: The Sutta Pitaka is the second of the three divisions of the Tripitaka or pali Canon, the Pali collection of Buddhist writings of Theravada Buddhism. Hence, C is the correct option.

12.According to the tradition who scribed theMahabharata—

A. Lord Shiva

B. Lord Ganesha

C. Lord Bramha

D. Lord Vishnu

Explanation: According to tradition, Vyasa dictated the stories to lord Ganesha, who then scribed the Mahabharata . Hence, B is the correct option.


13.Short story titled "Kunti O Nishadi" that re-enacts an episode from the Mahabharata was written by famous Bengali writer—

A. Ravindra Nath Tagore

B. Arundhati Roy

C. Mahashweta Devi

D. Satyajit Rey

Explanation: Mahashweta Devi, a contemporary Bengali writer known for raising her voice against all forms of exploitation and oppression. In a short story titled "Kunti O Nishadi", Mahashweta Devi takes up the narrative from where the Mahabharata ends it. Hence, C is the correct option.

14.Which of the following rulers were identified through metronymics (names derived from that of the mother)?

A. Mauryas

B. Cholas

C. Kushans

D. Satavahanas

Explanation: Satavahana rulers were identified through metronymics (names derived from that of the mother). Hence, D is the correct option.


15.All of the following statements regarding Gotami-puta Siri-Satakani are correct except —

A. he belonged to the Satavahana dynasty

B. he claimed to be a unique Brahmana (eka bamhana)

C. he was known as destroyer of the pride of Kshatriyas

D. he allowed intermarriage amongst members of the four Varnas


Explanation: The best-known ruler Of the Satavahana dynasty, Gotami -puta Siri-Satakani, claimed to be both a unique Brahmana (eka bamhana) and a destroyer of the pride Of Kshatriyas, He also claimed to have ensured that there was no intermarriage amongst members of the four varnas.
Hence, D the correct option.

16.All of the following statements regarding polyandry in early societies are correct except —

A. It a attributed to shortage of women during wartime.

B. It was considered an offence in the Himalayan region

C. Polyandry was the most prevalent form of marriage

D. the practice of polyandry was seen as unusual or even undesirable from the Brahmanical point of view


Explanation: Some historians note that while the practice of polyandry may have seemed unusual or even undesirable from the Brahmanical point Of view, it was (and is) prevalent in the Himalayan region. Others suggest that there may have been a shortage of women during times of warfare, and this led to polyandry. Some early sources suggest that polyandry was the most prevalent form of marriage. Hence, B is the correct option.

17.Consider the following statements about the Manusmriti and mark the correct statement:

A. The paternal estate was to be divided equally amongst sons,with a special share for the eldest

B. Women could also claim a share in paternal state.

C. Neither A nor B

D. Both A and B

Explanation: According to the Manusmriti, the paternal estate was to be divided equally amongst sons after the death of the parents, with a special share for the eldest. Women could not claim a share of these resources. Hence, A is the correct option.

18.Consider the following statements:

I. The Mahabharata was originally written as a dramatic, moving story with didactics

II. The didactic portions of the Mahabharata were added later Which of the above statement (s) were correct?

A. only I

B. only II

C. Both I and II

D. Neither I nor II

Explanation: Historians agree that the Mahabharata was meant to be a dramatic, moving story, and that the didactic portions were probably added later. Hence, B is the correct Option.


19.Consider the following statements:

I. Members of the same gotra could not marry

II. Women were Known by their father's gotra even after marriage Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct about Gotra?

A. only I

B. only II

C. Both I and II

D. Neither I nor II


Explanation: Two rules about gotra were particularly important: women were expected to give up their father's gotra and adopt that of their husband on marriage and members of the same gotra could not marry. Hence, A is the correct option.


20.Consider the following statements:

I. They recognized ideas contained in normative Sanskrit texts as authoritative

II. They also questioned and occasionally even rejected the ideas Of Sanskrit texts

Which of the above statement (s) were correct about works in Pali, Prakrit and Tamil?

A. only I

B. only II

C. Both I and II

D. Neither I nor II


Explanation: Scholars began studying other traditions, from works in Pali, Prakrit and Tamil. These studies indicated that the ideas contained in normative Sanskrit texts were on the whole recognised as authoritative: they were also questioned and occasionally even rejected. Hence, C is the correct option.

Tuesday, 14 March 2023

Kings, Farmers and Towns : MCQ

 Kings, Farmers and Towns : Early States and Economies

HISTOR– XII

THEME-2

MCQ

Kings, Farmers and Towns : Early States and Economies


1. Who was known as Devanama Piyadasi? 

A. Vardhamana Mahavir

B. Chandragupta Maurya 

C. Gautama Buddha 

D. King Asoka 


Ans: D 


Explanation: Most of the early inscriptions mentioned a king referred to as Piyadassi — meaning "pleasant to behold" concluded by epigraphists to be Mauryan 

king Asoka. Hence, D is the correct option.



2.Who deciphered the Brahmi and Kharosthi scripts? 

A. Colin Mackenzie 

B. James Prinsep 

C. D.C Sircar 

D. A. Cunningham 


Ans: B 


Explanation: In 1830s, James Prinsep, an officer in the mint of the East India Company, deciphered Brahmi and Kharosthi, two scripts used in the earliest inscriptions and coins. He 

found that most of these mentioned a king referred to as Piyadassi — meaning "pleasant to behold"; Hence, B is the correct option.



3. Kautiltya's Arthashastra is a book on- 

A. Economic relations 

B. Principal and practices of statecraft 

C. foreign policy 

D. duties of king 


Ans: B 


Explanation: Historians have used a variety of sources to reconstruct the history of the Mauryan Empire. Source that is often used is the Arthashastra, parts of which were probably composed by Kautilya or Chanakya. Hence, B is the correct option.



4. To which dynasty did Ashoka belong? 

A. Satavahana 

B. Kushan 

C. Maurya 

D. Gupta 


Ans: C 


Explanation: The growth of Magadha culminated in the emergence of the Mauryan 

Empire. Chandragupta Maurya, who founded the empire, extended control as far northwest as Afghanistan and Baluchistan, and his grandson Asoka, arguably the 

most famous ruler of early India, conquered Kalinga. Hence, C is the correct option.


5. Megasthenes, the composer of Indica was- 

A. Greek Ambassador 

B. Chinese piligrime 

C. Egyptian traveller 

D. Iranian Scholar 


Ans: A 


Explanation: Megasthenes was an ambassador of Greek king Seleucus I Nicator, to the court of Chandragupta Maurya. He wrote the book Indica. Hence, A is the correct option.



6. Special officers appointed by Asoka to spread the 

message of Dhamma were called— 

A. Rajuka 

B. Dhamma Sharmana 

C. Kumar Amatya 

D. Dhamma mahamatta 


Ans: D 


Explanation: Special officers, known as the dhamma mahamatta, were appointed to spread the message of dhamma. This included respect towards elders, generosity towards Brahmanas and those who renounced worldly life, treating slaves and servants kindly, and respect for religions and traditions other than one's own. Hence, D is the correct option.



7. The Prayaga Prashasti (Allahabad inscription) was 

composed by- 

A. Vishakhdatta 

B. Upa gupta 

C. Harishena 

D. Ashvaghosha 


Ans: C 


Explanation: The Prayaga Prashasti (also known as the Allahabad Pillar Inscription) composed in Sanskrit by Harishena, the court poet of Samudragupta, arguably the most powerful of the Gupta rulers. Hence, C is the correct option.


8. The famous Sudarshana lake is located in which 

state? 

A. Gujarat 

B. Maharashtra 

C. Bihar 

D. Andhra Pradesh 


Ans: A 


Explanation: The Sudarshana lake in Gujarat was an artificial reservoir. It is mentioned in a rock inscription (c. second century CE) in Sanskrit, composed to  record the achievements of the Shaka ruler Rudradaman. Hence, A is the correct option.


9. The Jatakas were written in— 

A. Prakrit 

B. Pali 

C. Sanskrit 

D. Tamil 


Ans: B 


Explanation: The Jatakas were written in Pali around the middle of the first millennium CE. Hence, B is the correct option.


10). The Harshacharita is a biography of Harshavardhana, 

the ruler of Kanauj, composed by his court poet— 

A. Banabhatta 

B. Harishena 

C. Ashvaghosh 

D. Jaidev 


Ans: A 


Explanation: The Harshacharita is a biography of Harshavardhana, the ruler of Kanauj, 

composed in Sanskrit by his court poet, Banabhatta. Hence, A is the correct option.



11. The Queen who had independent access to land, 

against the provisions of Sanskrit legal texts 

A. Salavati 

B. Vijaya Satakani 

C. Prabhavati Gupta 

D. Yana Sakasena 


Ans: C 


Explanation: An inscription indicated that Vakataka Queen (one of the few queens known from early Indian history) Prabhavati Gupta, the daughter of Chandragupta 11 had access to land, which she then granted. According to Sanskrit legal texts, 

women were not supposed to have independent access to resources such as land. Hence, C is the correct option.


12. According to the tradition who scribed the Mahabharata— 

A. Lord Shiva 

B. Lord Ganesha 

C. Lord Bramha 

D. Lord Vishnu 


Ans: B 


Explanation: According to tradition, Vyasa dictated the stories to lord Ganesha, who then scribed the Mahabharata . Hence, B is the correct option.


13. Numismatics is the study of— 

A. Numbers 

B. Pottery 

C. Coins 

D. Sculptures 


Ans: C 


Explanation: Numismatics is the study of coins, including visual elements such as 

scripts and images, metallurgical analysis and the contexts in which they have been 

found. Hence, C is the correct option.


14. The first coins to bear the names and images of rulers were issued by— 

A. Guptas 

B. Mauryas 

C. Nandas 

D. Indo-Greeks 


Ans: D 


Explanation: The first coins to bear the names and images of rulers were issued by the Indo-Greeks, who established control over the north-western part of the subcontinent c. second century BCE. Hence, D is the correct option.


15. The first to issue gold coins were— 

A. Kushanas 

B. Satavahanas 

C. Pandyas 

D. Cholas 


Ans: A 


Explanation: The first gold coins were issued c. first century CE by the Kushanas. These were virtually identical in weight with those issued by contemporary Roman emperors and the Parthian rulers of Iran. Hence, A is the correct option.


16. What is Gandatindu ? 

A. Inscription 

B. Jataka 

C. Prashasti 

D. Shreni or Guild 


Ans: B 


Explanation: The Jatakas were written in Pali around the middle of the first millennium CE. One story known as the Gandatindu Jataka describes the plight of the subjects of a wicked king. Hence, B is the correct option.


17. Asiatic Society of Bengal was founded in the year— 

A. 1801 

B. 1757 

c. 1784 

D. 1858 


Ans: C 


Explanation: The Asiatic Society was founded by civil servant Sir William Jones on 15 January 1784, At the time of its foundation, this Society was named as "Asiatic Society". In 1832 the name was changed to "The Asiatic Society of Bengal" and again in 1936 it was renamed as "The Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal". Hence, C is the correct option.


18.Which of the following is not one of the major political centres of Mauryan Empire? 

A. Taxila 

B. Tosali 

C. Suvarnagiri 

D. Kandahar 


Ans: D 


Explanation: There were five major political centres in the empire — the capital Pataliputra and the provincial centres of Taxila, Ujjayini, Tosali and Suvarnagiri, all mentioned in Asokan 

inscriptions. Taxila and Ujjayini were situated on important long-distance trade routes, while Suvarnagiri (literally, the golden mountain) was possibly important for tapping the gold mines of Karnataka. Hence,D is the correct option.


19.Which one of the following places has no Ashokan edict 

A. Girnar 

B. Kandahar 

C. Patliputra 

D. Shahbazgarhi 


Ans: C 


Explanation: Major Rock Edicts are Located at- kalsi(Dehradun), Girnar(Gujarat), Yerragudi(Andhra Pradesh), Sannati(Karnataka), Sopara(Mumbai), Dhauli & Jaugada(Odisha), Mansehra & Shahbazgarhi(Pakistan, Kharoshti script ), Kandahar( 

Pakistan, in Greek). Hence, C is the correct option.


20. All of the following statements regarding inscriptions are 

correct except — 

A. Inscriptions are writings engraved on hard surfaces such as 

stone, metal or pottery. 

B. They usually record the achievements, activities or ideas of 

those who commissioned them. 

C. Inscriptions are virtually permanent records, some of which 

carry dates 

D. The earliest inscriptions were written in Sanskrit. 


Ans: D 


Explanation: The earliest inscriptions were written in Prakrit. Hence, D is the correct option.


21. All of the following statements regarding Magadha are 

correct except — 

A. Magadha was a region where agriculture was especially 

productive 

B. Gold mines were accessible and provided resources for kingdom. 

C. In the fourth century BCE, the capital was shifted to 

Pataliputra 

D. The Ganga and its tributaries provided a means of cheap and 

convenient communication 


Ans: B 


Explanation: Magadha was a region where agriculture was especially productive. Iron mines (in present-day Jharkhand) were accessible and provided resources for tools and weapons. 

Initially, Rajagaha was the capital of Magadha, in the fourth century BCE, the capital was shifted to Pataliputra by Udayin. The Ganga and its tributaries provided a means of cheap and 

convenient communication. Hence, B is the correct option.


22. All of the following statements regarding increasing 

agricultural production in 6th century BCE are correct except —

 

A. Parts of Punjab and Rajasthan adopted iron ploughshare 

B. Irrigation was adopted to increase agricultural production 

C. Production of paddy was dramatically increased by the 

introduction of transplantation 

D. The iron-tipped ploughshare was used to turn the alluvial soil in 

areas which had high rainfall 


Ans: A 


Explanation: The iron-tipped ploughshare was used to turn the alluvial soil in areas which had high rainfall. Parts of Punjab and Rajasthan did not adopt it till the twentieth century. 

In some parts of the Ganga valley, production of paddy was dramatically increased by the introduction of transplantation. Irrigation was adopted to increase agricultural production. 

Hence, A is the correct option.


23. Consider the following statements about Asoka and mark the 

correct statement: 

A. Asoka was the first ruler who inscribed his messages on stone 

surfaces 

B. He used the inscriptions to proclaim what he understood to be 

dhamma. 

C. Neither A nor B 

D. Both A and B 


Ans: D 


Explanation: Asoka was the first ruler who inscribed his messages to his subjects and officials on stone surfaces — natural rocks as well as polished pillars. He used the inscriptions to proclaim what he understood to  be dhamma. Hence, D is the correct option.


24. Consider the following statements about Mahajanapadas and mark the correct statement: 

A. While most mahajanapadas were ruled by kings, some, 

known as ganas or sanghas, were oligarchies 

B. Both Mahavira and the Buddha belonged to such ganas 

C. Neither A nor B 

D. Both A and B 


Ans: D 


Explanation: While most mahajanapadas were ruled by kings, some, known as ganas or sanghas, were oligarchies, where power was shared by a number of men, often collectively 

called rajas. Both Mahavira (Vajji) and the Buddha (Gandhar) belonged to such ganas. In some instances, as in the case of the Vajji sangha Hence, D is the correct option



25. Consider the following statements: 

I. Many Mauryan rulers adopted the title devaputra, or "son of god" 

II. Kushanas ruled over a vast kingdom extending from Central to 

South India. 

Which of the above statement (s) is/are correct ? 

A. only 1 

B. only 11 

C. Both 1 and 11 

D. Neither I nor 11 


Ans: D 


Explanation: Kushanas ruled over a vast kingdom extending from Central Asia to northwest India. Many Kushana rulers adopted the title devaputra, or "son of god" Hence, D is the correct option.


26. Consider the following statements: 

I. Samantas maintained themselves through local resources 

including control over land. 

II. They offered homage and provided military support to rulers. 

Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct about Samantas? 

A. only 1 

B. only 11 

C. Both 1 and 11 

D. Neither I nor 11 


Ans: C 


Explanation: Samantas, maintained themselves through local resources including control over land. They offered homage and provided military support to rulers. Powerful samantas could become kings: conversely, weak rulers might find themselves being reduced to positions of subordination. Hence, C is the correct option.


27. Consider the following statements: 

I. The term Gahapati was often used to designate small peasants 

as well as large landlords. 

II. Sangam texts also mention different categories of people-like 

vellelar, uzhavar and adimai 

Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct about rural 

societies in Mahajanapada period? 

A. only 1 

B. only 11 

C. Both 1 and 11 

D. Neither 1 nor 11


Ans: C 


Explanation: The term gahapati was often used in Pali texts to designate small peasants and large landholders. Early Tamil literature (the Sangam texts) also mentions different categories of people living in the villages — large landowners or .vellalar, ploughmen or uzhavar and slaves or adimai. Hence, C is the correct option


28. Consider the following statements: 

I. The Manusmrti is one of the best-known philosophical texts of 

early India. 

II. It was written in Sanskrit and compiled between c. 2nd century BCE and c. 2nd century CE Which of the above statement (s) is/are correct about Manusmriti? 

A. Only I 

B. only II 

C. Both I and II 

D. Neither I nor II 


Ans: B 


Explanation: The Manusmrti is one of the best-known legal texts of early India, written in Sanskrit and compiled between c. second century BCE and c second century CE. Hence, B 

is the correct option.


29. Consider the following pairs: 

1. Magadha- Rajgir 

2. kasi- Vaishali 

3. Gandhar- Taxila 

Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? 

A. 1 and 2 only 

B. 2 only 

C. 1 and 3 only 

D. 2 and 3 only 


Ans: C 


Explanation: Capitals of Magadha, kasi, Gandhar are Rajgir, Varanasi and Taxila respectively. Hence, C is the correct option.


30. Consider the following pairs: 


1. Shahbazgarhi edict- Greek script 

2. Girnar edict-Brahmi script 

3. Kandahar edict- Kharosthi script 

Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? 

A. 1 and 2 only 

B. 2 only 

C. 1 and 3 only 

D. 2 and 3 only 


Ans:B 


Explanation: Major Rock Edicts are Located at- Mansehra & Shahbazgarhi (Pakistan, Kharoshti script); Kandahar (Pakistan, in Greek ; kalsi(Dehradun); Girnar Gujarat); Yerragudi(Andhra Pradesh); Sannati(Karnataka ; Sopara(Mumbal); Dhau i & 

Jaugada(Odisha). Hence, B is the correct option.


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