CASE : COMMON ERROR
ЁЯСЙ INTRODUCTION
ЁЯСЙ DEFINITION:
ЁЯСЙ FACTS OF CASE :
ЁЯСЙ DEFINITION OF CASE: Case shows the position of noun or pronoun in a sentence.
According to use of noun or pronoun comes in three cases in a sentence.
a) In the form of subject -Subjective case
b) to show possession- possessive case
c) In the form of object- objective case
ЁЯСЙFACTS OF CASE:
1. All the three cases of a pronoun are self made.
Ex: Subjective case - I
Possessive case - my/mine
Objective case me
2. The subjective and the objective form of a noun are used in the same form .
Ex: Ram killed Ravan . Correct
3. The possessive case of a noun is made with the help of two .
a) with the help of - ('s)
b) with the help of - (of)
4. рд╕ाрдзाрд░рдгрддрдпा рдХिрд╕ी рдоाрдирд╡ рдХा рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ рджрд░्рд╢ाрдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП [ 'S ] рдЖрддा рд╣ै рдЬрдмрдХि рд╡рд╕्рддु рдХा рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ рджрд░्рд╢ाрдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП [of ] рдХा рдк्рд░рдпोрдЧ рдХिрдпा рдЬाрддा рд╣ै |
Ex: This is a Ram's car .
These are the tyres of the car.
5. In the following condition [of] is used with human being also.
a) to avoid the sequel of [ 's ]
Ex: Lalu's daughter's marriage. Wrong
The marriage of Lalu's daughter. Correct
b) If [ the + adjective ] shows its entire community cannot get ['s] . it shows possession by using [of].
Ex: The poor's condition is not good in this area. Wrong
The condition of the poor is not good in this area. Correct
c) To make a proper arrangement of relative pronoun.
Ex: I like Nitish's government who is an engineer. Wrong
I like the government of Nitish who is an engineer. Correct
d) To show the relation of human being not possession .
Ex: The statue of Gandhiji is broken . Correct
6. In the following condition ['s] is used in non-living thing also.
a) If a non-living thing in naturally very-very large.
Ex: Sun's rays, Ocean's roar, etc.
b) If a non-living thing works as a measurement .
Ex: One days's match , Ten week's leave etc.
c) If a non-living thing is treated like human being.
Ex: Death's hand (рдоृрддрдХ рдХा рд╣ाрде ), Fortune's favourite (рднाрдЧ्рдп рдХा рдкрд╕ंрджीрджा ) etc.
d) If a non-living thing exaggerated .
Ex: Court's order, Government's plan. Jungle's rule
e) In some phrasal verb
Ex: Cat's paw - рдЪुрдкрдХे-рдЪुрдкрдХे
Needle's eye -рд╕ूрдИ рдХा рдЫेрдж
At arm's length- рдХोрд╕ो рджूрд░
7. Subjective case + verb
Ex: Mohan and me were ready to go there. Wrong
Mohan and I were ready to go there . Correct
8. Verb + Objective case
Ex: Ram helped Mohan and I on the stage .
Ram helped Mohan and me on the stage.
9. Possessive case + V4
Ex: You writing is good . Wrong
Your writing is good . Correct
10. Preposition + objective case
Ex: Ram was talking with Mohan and I on the stage. Wrong
Ram was talking with Mohan and me on the stage. Correct
11. Let + objective case + V1
Ex: Let Ram and I watch the movies. Wrong
Let Ram and Me watch the movies. Correct
12. But + subjective case comes if a verb is used after it.
Ex: Mohan is honest but I am dishonest. Correct
13. But + objective case comes if verb is not present after it.
Ex: Ram helped no one but me on the stage . Correct
рд░ाрдо рдиे рдоंрдЪ рдкрд░ рдХिрд╕ी рдФрд░ рдХी рдорджрдж рдирд╣ीं рдХी |
14. It + auxiliary verb + subjective case
Note: It shows emphatic sense.
Ex: It is I who can solved this question. Correct
15. " If + Subject + were + subjective case" is used to show imagination.
Ex: If i were him I would finish the task. Wrong
If I were he I would finish the task. Correct
16. " as .........as" + subjective case
Ex: RAm as well as I was present on the stage. Correct
17. It + main verb + to be + objective case
Ex: It appears to be him on the stage. Correct
рдпрд╣ рдоंрдЪ рдкрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХा рд╣ोрдиा рдк्рд░рддीрдд рд╣ोрддा рд╣ै
18. comparison is made in the same cases.
Note: 1. A subjective case is compared to subjective form.
Ex: You are taller than I. Correct
2. A possessive case is compared to possessive form.
Ex: My car is better than your's. Correct
3. An objective case is compared to objective case.
Ex: My mother loves him more than me. Correct
4. A comparative form ending with ["or"] makes comparison of subjective case with objective case.
Ex: Ram is senior to me. Correct
5. If two or more than two person show their combined possession use ['s] with only the last noun.
Ex: Mukesh Ambani and Anil ambani 's father was a great business man. Correct
19. If two or more than two persons show their separate possession use ['s] with each and every noun.
Ex: Mukesh Ambani's and Anil Ambani's companies are running well. Correct
20. An indefinite pronoun ending with one/body uses ['s] to show possession.
Ex: It is some one's mistake. Correct
рдпрд╣ рдХिрд╕ी рдХी рдЧрд▓рддी рд╣ै |
21. An Indefinite pronoun ending with one/body + else uses ['s] with else not with one/body.
Ex: It is somebody else's mistake. Correct
рдпрд╣ рдХिрд╕ी рдФрд░ рдХी рдЧрд▓рддी рд╣ै |
22. A compared noun with hyphen that's only one part is preposition uses ['s] with the part that is after the preposition.
Ex: My father-in-law's condition is not good . Correct
23. A plural noun that ending with " en " ['s] to show possession .
Ex: Children's park
Men's parlour
Women's lodge
24. A plural countable noun ending with s/es [s'] show possession not ['s ].
Ex: Boys' hostel
Girls' hostel
doctors' chamber
25. A noun that ['s] last letter is pronounced any kind of (рд╕, рд╢ ) uses ['s] to show possession.
Ex: Ganesh's papa
26. An abbreviation (рд╕ंрдХ्рд╖िрдк्рдд ) uses ['s] with its last letter to show possession,
Ex: M.P's elections
M.L.A's elections
27. "Your" gets ['s] to show possession if it comes before sake.
Ex: I can do any thing for your's sake. Correct
28. God, Heaven and money use ['s] if they come before sake.
Ex: Please don't disturb for god's sake (рднрдЧрд╡ाрди рдХे рд▓िрдП ). Correct
29. Goodness and Justice use ['s] if they come before sake.
Ex: I can do anything for Justice'sake (рди्рдпाрдп рдХी рдЦाрддिрд░ ).
30. Each other comes to show the reciprocal relation between two persons or things.
Ex: Ram and Shyam help each other . correct
31. Each other gets ['s] to show reciprocal possession of two person or thing.
Ex: Ram and Shyam help each other's family. Correct
32. "one other " comes to show the reciprocal relation among more than two persons/things.
Ex: Ram, Shyam and Mohan help one other's family. Correct
33. "It" gets [s] to show possession not ['s].
Ex: The machine is doing it's work. Wrong
The machine is doing its work. Correct
рдорд╢ीрди рдЕрдкрдиा рдХाрдо рдХрд░ рд░рд╣ी рд╣ै |
34. A natural event or schedule neither gets ['s] nor gets "of" to show possession .
Ex: Winter's season - Wrong
Winter season - Correct
Summer's vacation - Wrong
Summer vacation - Correct
The End......
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