INTRODUCTION
1. DEFINITION
2. TYPES OF ADJECTIVE
3. COMMON ERRORS OF ADJECTIVE
DEFINITION: An Adjective is a word that qualifies a noun or a pronoun .
Ex: Ram is a tall student.
here tall is adjective.
TYPES OF ADJECTIVE:
1. Proper Adjective
2. Interrogative Adjective
3. Adjective of number
4. Adjective of quantity
5. Demonstrative Adjective
6. Possessive Adjective
7. Distributive Adjective
8. Adjective of quality
Proper Adjective:
Definition: An adjective that is made of a proper noun is called proper adjective.
Ex: The American Policy, The Indian student,
Note: It is written beginning with a capital letter.
Note: It comes just before the noun for which it is used.
Note: " Proper adjective + noun " must add article before itself.
Ex: The American Policy is not good . Correct
Interrogative Adjective
Definition - If a " Wh" word comes with a noun to rise question for it, is called Interrogative Adjective.
Ex: What , Which, Whose etc.
Note: It comes before the noun for which it is used.
Note: It gets question mark to finish its sentence.
Note: ध्यान रहें who and whom , interrogative adjective के रूप में प्रयोग नहीं हो सकते , ये pronoun के रूप में प्रयोग किये जाते है |
Ex: Who boy can solve this question. Wrong
Which boy can solve this question. Correct
Adjective of Number
Definition: An Adjective that shows the number of a noun is called adjective of number.
Ex: The third umpire, Five wickets,
Note: Adjective of number that is also a part of adjective is divided into two parts.
a) Ordinal Adjective of number: It shows the order of noun.
Ex: The third umpire, The fifth wicket etc.
Note: It is singular and uses singular noun + singular verb.
EX: The fifth wicket has fallen for India. Correct
Note: Article (the) must be used before it.
Ex: The sixth wicket has fallen for India. Correct
b) Co-ordinal Adjective of number: It shows number of noun.
Ex: five wickets, three umpires etc.
Note: It gets singular noun and singular verb with one and plural with other digits.
Ex: One wicket has fallen for India. Correct
Five wickets have fallen for India. Correct
Note: Generally article does not come before it.
Special uses:
1.If ordinal and co-ordinal both kinds of adjective of number come together , ordinal is written first and co-ordinal is later.
ध्यान रहे कि इस अवस्था में इसके साथ आनेवाला noun तथा verb दोनों plural रहता है |
Ex: The five first wicket has fallen for India. Wrong
The first five wicket have fallen for India. Correct
2. Both , Many, Few, Several, A number of etc. का प्रयोग भी co-ordinal number of adjective के तहत किया जाता है तथा इनके बाद आनेवाला noun तथा verb दोनों plural होता है |
Ex: Both students are ready to go there. Correct
3. All, Some, Most, A lot of/ lots of, A great deal of etc का use यदि countable noun के साथ हो तो इन्हें co-ordinal adjective of number माना जाता है जबकि uncountable noun के साथ प्रयोग में इसे adjective of quantity कहते है |
Ex: Most students are ready to go there. Correct
Adjective of Quantity
definition: An Adjective that shows the quantity of a noun is called Adjective of Quantity .
Ex: All, some, a lot of/lots of, a great deal of/a good deal of , much,little, a little, an amount of etc.
Ex: Most rice is boil in the pot.
Note: इसके बाद आनेवाला uncountable noun तथा verb singular होता है |
Demonstrative Adjective:
Ex: This, That, These, Those
Note: This/That + singular noun + singular verb
Ex: This is red car. Correct
That cow is mine. Correct
Note: These/Those + plural countable noun + plural verb
Ex: These pens are red. Correct
Possessive Adjective
Definition: A word used with a noun that shows possession on the noun is called possessive adjective.
Ex: My, you, your, our, their, his, her
Note: It comes just before the noun for which it is used.
Note: It cannot be used as the last word of a sentence.
Ex: This is my car. Correct
My car is red. Correct
This car is mine. Correct
Distributive Adjective:
Definition: A word used with a noun that shows the noun is distributive way is called distributive adjective.
Ex: Each, Every, Either,Neither
Note: It gets singular nouns and singular verb with itself.
Ex: Each students have a pen. Wrong
Each student has a pen. Correct
Adjective of Quality:
Definition: A word comes before noun, it shows its quality is called adjective of quality.
Ex: Good, bad, tall, small etc.
Note: It comes either before a noun or after auxiliary verb.
Ex: This pen is new. Correct
This is a new pen. Correct
Adjective
Uses of Adjective
Use of Some/Any:
1. Some: It is used in affirmative sense.
Ex: I have some money in my pocket. correct
2. Any : It is used in negative sense.
Ex: I have not any money in my pockets. Correct
Note: Any + plural countable noun
Use of Both/All/The whole:
1. Use of Both - It is used to show two option together.
Ex: Both the side of the coin are shining well. Correct
2. Use of All- It is used to show more than two option together.
Ex: All the ten students can solve this questions. Correct
3. Use of The Whole- It is used to show the entire part of some thing.
Ex: The whole class was making a noise. Correct
Use of Few/A few / The Few:
1. Use of Few: It is used to show negligible number of some countable noun.
Ex: Satvir is a saint , he has few enemies. Correct
2. Use of A few: It is used to show few number of countable noun that has some importance.
Ex: Satvir is a saint person, he has a few good friends. Correct
3. Use of The few : It is used to make definite form of few countable number/noun.
Ex: The few students sitting in the class are honest. Correct
USe of Little/ a little / the little :
1. Use of Little : It is used to show negligible quantity of uncountable noun.
Ex: Mohan is a very poor man. He has little money in his pocket.
2. A little: It is used to show a quantity of uncountable noun that has some importance.
Ex: He has saved a little money for future. Correct
3. The little : It us used to make a definite form of little uncountable noun.
Ex: The little rice in the pot is boiled. Correct
Use of Much /Many /Several :
1. Use of Much: It is used to show a large quantity of uncountable noun.
Ex: I have many rice in my kitchen. Wrong
I have much rice in my kitchen. Correct
2. Use of Many: It is used to show a large number of countable noun that are known to the subject.
Ex: I have much friends in my village. Wrong
I have many friends in my village. Correct
3. Use of Several : It is used in the sense of many to denote noun that are unknown to the subjects.
Ex: Amitabh Bachhan has several fans in the world. Correct
Use of Elder/ Older:
1. Use of Elder: It is used to show age seniority between two members of the same family.
Ex: Yusuf Pathan is elder than Irphan Pathan . Correct
2. USe of Older: It is used to show age seniority between two persons that are not the members of the same family.(व्यवसाय में वरिष्ठता)
Ex: Lalu is elder to Nitish in politics.
Note: ध्यान रहे कि elder के स्थान पर older का प्रयोग तब किया जाता जब age-seniority को दर्शाने हेतु समय का जिक्र होता है |
Ex: Yusuf Pathan is elder to Irphan Pathan for five years. Wrong
Yusuf Pathan is older to Irphan Pathan for five years. Correct
Use of Utmost/Outermost:
1. Utmost (सम्पूर्ण ): It is used to show the entire part of something .
Ex: I have studied the utmost Ramayan. Correct
2. Outermost (अन्तिमवाला) : It is used to show the last boundary of something.
Ex: A guard was standing of something at the outermost get of the boundary.
Use of Further/ Farther
1. Further (आगे की ) :It is used to add something to get knowledge of information.
Ex: I have not further information about it. Correct
2. Farther (आगे ) : It is used as a comparative form of far.
Ex: Mumbai is farther than Delhi from Patna . Correct
Use of First / Foremost
1. First (प्रथम ): It is used to show the initiator of something.
Ex: India is the first to use Zero. Correct
2. Foremost ( सबसे महत्वपूर्ण ):It is used to show the foremost runner in an action.
Ex: Gandhiji was the foremost leader in Indian freedom fight. Correct
Use of Very/The very
1. Very (अच्छा ): It is an adverb that comes before positive degree to stress it quality.
Ex: Ram is very smart. Correct
2. The very (बहुत ही ): It is an adjective that comes before a noun in the sense of the sentence.
EX: This is the very boy who helped me in trouble. Correct
Use of Last/Latest
1. Last (अंतिम ): It is used to show of finishing point of something that has no sequel.
Ex: The welcome is the last film of Firoj Khan . Correct
2. Latest (नवीनतम): It is used in the sense of the new.
Ex: Everyone want to buy the latest mobile. Correct
Use of Former/Latter
* Former भूतपूर्व: if we talk about two persons or things use former to denote first one and latter for the second one.
Ex: Sachin and Sania both are stars , the former is a cricketer and latter is Tennis player. correct
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