use of adjective

ADJECTIVE:

INTRODUCTION

1. DEFINITION

2. TYPES OF ADJECTIVE

3. COMMON ERRORS OF ADJECTIVE

DEFINITION: An Adjective is a word that qualifies a noun or a pronoun .

Ex: Ram is a tall student.

here tall is adjective.

TYPES OF ADJECTIVE:

1. Proper Adjective

2. Interrogative Adjective

3. Adjective of number

4. Adjective of quantity

5. Demonstrative Adjective

6. Possessive Adjective

7. Distributive Adjective

8. Adjective of quality

Proper Adjective:

Definition: An adjective that is made of a proper noun is called proper adjective.

Ex: The American Policy, The Indian student,

Note: It is written beginning with a capital letter.

Note: It comes just before the noun for which it is used.

Note: " Proper adjective + noun " must add article before itself.

Ex: The American Policy is not good . Correct

Interrogative Adjective

Definition - If a " Wh" word comes with a noun to rise question for it, is called Interrogative Adjective.

Ex: What , Which, Whose etc.

Note: It comes before the noun for which it is used.

Note: It gets question mark to finish its sentence.

Note: ध्यान रहें who and whom , interrogative adjective के रूप में प्रयोग नहीं हो सकते , ये pronoun के रूप में प्रयोग किये जाते है |

Ex: Who boy can solve this question. Wrong

Which boy can solve this question. Correct

Adjective of Number

Definition: An Adjective that shows the number of a noun is called adjective of number.

Ex: The third umpire, Five wickets,

Note: Adjective of number that is also a part of adjective is divided into two parts.

a) Ordinal Adjective of number: It shows the order of noun.

Ex: The third umpire, The fifth wicket etc.

Note: It is singular and uses singular noun + singular verb.

EX: The fifth wicket has fallen for India. Correct

Note: Article (the) must be used before it.

Ex: The sixth wicket has fallen for India. Correct

b) Co-ordinal Adjective of number: It shows number of noun.

Ex: five wickets, three umpires etc.

Note: It gets singular noun and singular verb with one and plural with other digits.

Ex: One wicket has fallen for India. Correct

Five wickets have fallen for India. Correct

Note: Generally article does not come before it.

Special uses:

1.If ordinal and co-ordinal both kinds of adjective of number come together , ordinal is written first and co-ordinal is later.

ध्यान रहे कि इस अवस्था में इसके साथ आनेवाला noun तथा verb दोनों plural रहता है |

Ex: The five first wicket has fallen for India. Wrong

The first five wicket have fallen for India. Correct


2. Both , Many, Few, Several, A number of etc. का प्रयोग भी co-ordinal number of adjective के तहत किया जाता है तथा इनके बाद आनेवाला noun तथा verb दोनों plural होता है |

Ex: Both students are ready to go there. Correct

3. All, Some, Most, A lot of/ lots of, A great deal of etc का use यदि countable noun के साथ हो तो इन्हें co-ordinal adjective of number माना जाता है जबकि uncountable noun के साथ प्रयोग में इसे adjective of quantity कहते है |

Ex: Most students are ready to go there. Correct

Adjective of Quantity

definition: An Adjective that shows the quantity of a noun is called Adjective of Quantity .

Ex: All, some, a lot of/lots of, a great deal of/a good deal of , much,little, a little, an amount of etc.

Ex: Most rice is boil in the pot.

Note: इसके बाद आनेवाला uncountable noun तथा verb singular होता है |

Demonstrative Adjective:

Definition: A word used with noun that demonstrates the noun is called demonstrative adjective .

Ex: This, That, These, Those

Note: This/That + singular noun + singular verb

Ex: This is red car. Correct

That cow is mine. Correct


Note: These/Those + plural countable noun + plural verb

Ex: These pens are red. Correct

Possessive Adjective

Definition: A word used with a noun that shows possession on the noun is called possessive adjective.

Ex: My, you, your, our, their, his, her

Note: It comes just before the noun for which it is used.

Note: It cannot be used as the last word of a sentence.

Ex: This is my car. Correct

My car is red. Correct


This car is mine. Correct

Distributive Adjective:

Definition: A word used with a noun that shows the noun is distributive way is called distributive adjective.

Ex: Each, Every, Either,Neither

Note: It gets singular nouns and singular verb with itself.

Ex: Each students have a pen. Wrong

Each student has a pen. Correct


Adjective of Quality:

Definition: A word comes before noun, it shows its quality is called adjective of quality.

Ex: Good, bad, tall, small etc.

Note: It comes either before a noun or after auxiliary verb.

Ex: This pen is new. Correct

This is a new pen. Correct

Adjective

Uses of Adjective

Use of Some/Any:

1. Some: It is used in affirmative sense.

Ex: I have some money in my pocket. correct

2. Any : It is used in negative sense.

Ex: I have not any money in my pockets. Correct

Note: Any + plural countable noun

Use of Both/All/The whole:

1. Use of Both - It is used to show two option together.

Ex: Both the side of the coin are shining well. Correct

2. Use of All- It is used to show more than two option together.

Ex: All the ten students can solve this questions. Correct

3. Use of The Whole- It is used to show the entire part of some thing.

Ex: The whole class was making a noise. Correct

Use of Few/A few / The Few:

1. Use of Few: It is used to show negligible number of some countable noun.

Ex: Satvir is a saint , he has few enemies. Correct

2. Use of A few: It is used to show few number of countable noun that has some importance.

Ex: Satvir is a saint person, he has a few good friends. Correct

3. Use of The few : It is used to make definite form of few countable number/noun.

Ex: The few students sitting in the class are honest. Correct

USe of Little/ a little / the little :

1. Use of Little : It is used to show negligible quantity of uncountable noun.

Ex: Mohan is a very poor man. He has little money in his pocket.

2. A little: It is used to show a quantity of uncountable noun that has some importance.

Ex: He has saved a little money for future. Correct

3. The little : It us used to make a definite form of little uncountable noun.

Ex: The little rice in the pot is boiled. Correct

Use of Much /Many /Several :

1. Use of Much: It is used to show a large quantity of uncountable noun.

Ex: I have many rice in my kitchen. Wrong

I have much rice in my kitchen. Correct


2. Use of Many: It is used to show a large number of countable noun that are known to the subject.

Ex: I have much friends in my village. Wrong

I have many friends in my village. Correct


3. Use of Several : It is used in the sense of many to denote noun that are unknown to the subjects.

Ex: Amitabh Bachhan has several fans in the world. Correct

Use of Elder/ Older:

1. Use of Elder: It is used to show age seniority between two members of the same family.

Ex: Yusuf Pathan is elder than Irphan Pathan . Correct

2. USe of Older: It is used to show age seniority between two persons that are not the members of the same family.(व्यवसाय में वरिष्ठता)

Ex: Lalu is elder to Nitish in politics.

Note: ध्यान रहे कि elder के स्थान पर older का प्रयोग तब किया जाता जब age-seniority को दर्शाने हेतु समय का जिक्र होता है |

Ex: Yusuf Pathan is elder to Irphan Pathan for five years. Wrong

Yusuf Pathan is older to Irphan Pathan for five years. Correct


Use of Utmost/Outermost:

1. Utmost (सम्पूर्ण ): It is used to show the entire part of something .

Ex: I have studied the utmost Ramayan. Correct

2. Outermost (अन्तिमवाला) : It is used to show the last boundary of something.

Ex: A guard was standing of something at the outermost get of the boundary.

Use of Further/ Farther

1. Further (आगे की ) :It is used to add something to get knowledge of information.

Ex: I have not further information about it. Correct

2. Farther (आगे ) : It is used as a comparative form of far.

Ex: Mumbai is farther than Delhi from Patna . Correct

Use of First / Foremost

1. First (प्रथम ): It is used to show the initiator of something.

Ex: India is the first to use Zero. Correct

2. Foremost ( सबसे महत्वपूर्ण ):It is used to show the foremost runner in an action.

Ex: Gandhiji was the foremost leader in Indian freedom fight. Correct

Use of Very/The very

1. Very (अच्छा ): It is an adverb that comes before positive degree to stress it quality.

Ex: Ram is very smart. Correct

2. The very (बहुत ही ): It is an adjective that comes before a noun in the sense of the sentence.

EX: This is the very boy who helped me in trouble. Correct

Use of Last/Latest

1. Last (अंतिम ): It is used to show of finishing point of something that has no sequel.

Ex: The welcome is the last film of Firoj Khan . Correct

2. Latest (नवीनतम): It is used in the sense of the new.

Ex: Everyone want to buy the latest mobile. Correct

Use of Former/Latter

* Former भूतपूर्व: if we talk about two persons or things use former to denote first one and latter for the second one.



Ex: Sachin and Sania both are stars , the former is a cricketer and latter is Tennis player. correct